Resources & references

An online destination for discovery & deeper understanding.

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The purpose of our resources database is to provide an easy access to knowledge about music therapy and its application with a diverse array of clientele, and to help answer questions from a diversity of visitors seeking information about music therapy. We therefore propose a selection of pertinent* references, however not exhaustive, given that each week more research and other information are published around the world.  

If you wish to contribute to our database, click on the button below. The proposed references are submitted to an analysis and a selection process by a team of music therapists from the Institute. Thank you in advance!

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Note (*) : the Institute does not endorse any promotional content, publicity or donation requests that might be included in any of the references.

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Type of reference
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244 results Clear all
Short-Term Music Therapy Attention and Arousal Regulation Treatment (SMAART) for Prisoners with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Feasibility Study
2019
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Clare Macfarlane, Erik Masthoff, Laurien Hakvoort
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice
Country
Netherlands

A pilot study of a the SMAART music therapy protocol shows that it can help prisoners with a Post Traumatic Stres Disorder (PTSD) in a Penitentiary Psychiatric Center. Neurologic music therapy techniques, guided breathing, singing and rhythmic exercises were effective in reducing hyperarousal and improving attention among participants.

Short-term music training enhances spectral resolution for prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants
2026
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Chi Yhun Lo & Valerie Looi
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Audiology Research
Country
Australia
United States (USA)

Read an article describing a study using music-based training to target the spectral resolution for deaf children with bilateral hearing loss, including at least one cochlear implant (CI). The training consisted of 12 weeks of 40 minute in person group music therapy sessions, as well as the use of an online music activities app 3 times a week for 15-30 minutes at a time. Results found that, in spite of the known limitation of CIs on spectral resolution, music training, facilitated by a music therapist, can improve spectral resolution perception in children with CIs.

Silent sounding: Communicability, musicality and the use of music with nonspeaking individuals with cerebral palsies and multiple disabilities
2020
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Efrat Roginsky & Cochavit Elefant
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Nordic Journal of Music Therapy
Country
Israel

Read a research article on the use of music in the lives of children with severe forms of cerebral palsy and multiple disabilities. Findings suggest that music is a very important method in allowing these children to connect with the world around them and interact with others, and that parents were often unaware of their child's potential, demonstrated especially through their musical interactions. Discussion for the collaboration between parents and professionals, particularly music therapists, is also included.

Social and Emotional Wellbeing for First Nation Elders through Three Way Design, Creation, and Reflection
2024
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Anthony “Tony” Duwun Lee, Gucki Reissenberger, Michelle Moss
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Australian Journal of Music Therapy
Country
Australia

This paper presents a three-way collaboration between a registered music therapist, art therapist and Aboriginal Elder, healer, and artist in Australia. Participants created a yarning project along with music that complemented their artwork, to support social and emotional wellbeing of First Nation Elders living with dementia. 

Social-emotional learning through a drumming intervention
2020
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Jennifer StGeorge; Emily Freeman.
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Music Therapy Perspectives
Country
Australia

Read about the program DRUMBEAT (Discovering Relationships Using Music, Beliefs, Emotions, Attitudes and Thoughts), which shows significant improvements in students' self-esteem, and internalizing and externalizing behaviours, as reported by both teachers and students.

Songs created by military service members in music therapy: A retrospective analysis
2019
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Joke Bradt, Jacelyn Biondo, Rebecca Vaudreuil
Language
English
Source / Publisher
The Arts in Psychotherapy
Country
United States (USA)

This study analyzed songs written by active-duty military personnel who participated in music therapy sessions and were living with psychological health conditions and/or mild traumatic brain injury. These songs highlighted the challenges faced by the participants and gave them the opportunity to share their thoughts and feelings with their loved ones for the first time.

Supervising Music Therapy Interns: A Survey of AMTA National Roster Internship Directors
2008
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Carla Tanguay
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Journal of Music Therapy
Country
United States (USA)

This study investigated the supervision practices of music therapy internship directors within the American Music Therapy Association. Supervisors filled out a survey and the results gathered information on their demographics, professional background, and the supervision techniques they employ.

Supporting parent-child interactions: Music therapy as an intervention for promoting mutually responsive orientation
2012
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Varvara Pasiali
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Journal of Music Therapy
Country
United States (USA)

One of the few controlled researches that focus on parental bonding and music therapy. Music therapists working with families address relationship and interpersonal communication issues; this research documents how music therapy supports mutuality and reciprocity in parent-child interactions.

Telehealth music therapy research, training and practice: A scoping review
2026
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Amy Clements-Cortés, Marija Pranjić , Eugenia Hernandez-Ruiz, et al.
Language
English
Source / Publisher
The Arts in Psychotherapy
Country
Canada
United States (USA)
International
Ireland
Singapore
South Korea
Spain

Read a scoping review exploring the feasibility of telehealth music therapy (TMT) across various contexts. Findings suggest that TMT can be a complement to in-person therapy, when supported with structured approaches, adequate resources and thoughtful client selection. Challenges and innovations in the field are also discussed. 

The body communicates: Movement synchrony during music therapy with children diagnosed with ASD
2020
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Tamar Dvir, Nava Lotan, Roni Viderman, et al.
Language
English
Source / Publisher
The Arts in Psychotherapy
Country
Austria
Israel
Norway

Read an article examining the body synchrony of autistic children with their therapists during music therapy sessions. Results of this video microanalysis showed that while there was no significant change in the autistic children's ability to synchronize with therapists at the end of their treatment period, there was a significant increase in the ability of therapists to synchronize with the autistic children. The potential implications of this finding for both future research and practice are discussed.

The Clinical Neuroscience of Music: Evidence Based Approaches and Neurologic Music Therapy - Editorial
2021
Type of reference
Scientific publications
Author
Michael H. Thaut, Gerard Francisco, Volker Hoemberg
Language
English
Source / Publisher
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Country
Canada
United States (USA)
Germany

Read about the neuroscience supporting the use of music, and, more specifically, neurologic music therapy, to target non-musical tasks in neurorehabilitation and neurodevelopment.

The dark side of music as ‘therapy’
2026
Type of reference
General information
Author
Hilary Moss
Language
English
Source / Publisher
The Conversation
Country
Ireland

Read an article about the potential harms of music, especially in the context of vulnerable people. Highlights include the importance of following the professional advice of music therapists to navigate and mediate these potential harms, as well as the importance of ensuring consent and/or control for individuals experiencing music in their environments.